翻译公司

品质
Quality

The goods are available in different qualities.
此货有多种不同的质量可供。
Nothing wrong will happen, so long as the quality of your article is good.
只要商品质量可靠，就不会发生差错。
If the quality of your products is satisfactory, we may place regular orders.
如果你们产品的质量使我们满意，我们将不断订货。
If the quality of your initial shipment is found satisfactory, large repeats will follow.
如果贵方第一批运来的货令人满意，随后将有大批续订。
There is no marked qualitative difference between the two.
两者在质量上无显著差异。
We sincerely hope the quality are in conformity with the contract stipulations.
我们真诚希望质量与合同规定相符。
As long as the quality is good, it hardly matters if the price is a little bit higher.
只要能保证质量，售价高点都无所谓。
Prices are fixed according to their quality, aren't they?
价格按质量的好坏而定，对吗？
The transferee must see to it that the quality of the product is maintained.
接受转让一方要负责保持产品的质量。
Our Certificate of Quality is made valid by means of the official seal.
我们的质量证明书盖公章方为有效。
We'll improve the quality of our products and production efficiency.
我们将改进产品质量，提高生产率。
They are fully qualified to pass opinions on the quality of this merchandise.
他们完全有资格对这种产品的质量发表意见。
We would like to have you offer us 100 metric tons, quality same as last.
希望您能报给我们100吨质量和上次相同的货。
We find the quality suitable (unsuitable) for our market.
产品质量适合(不适合)我们的市场。
We always have faith in the quality of your products.
对你们产品的质量我们总是很信任。

Words and Phrases

quality
质量，品质
qualitative
质量的
qualitatively
在质量上
quality clause
品质条款
quality certificate
品质证明书
quality of export and import commodities
进出口商品质量
good merchantable quality
全销质量
to be in conformity with
与...一致
transferer
转让者
transferee
受让者




外贸术语：报盘和还盘

报盘和还盘
Offer & Counter-Offer

We have the offer ready for you.
我们已经为你准备好报盘了。
I come to hear about your offer for fertilizers.
我来听听你们有关化肥的报盘。
Please make us a cable offer.
请来电报盘。
Please make an offer for the bamboo shoots of the quality as that in the last contract.
请把上次合同中订的那种质量的竹笋向我们报个价。
We are in a position to offer tea from stock.
我们现在可以报茶叶现货。
We'll try our best to get a bid from the buyers.
我们一定尽力获得买主的递价。
We'll let you have the official offer next Monday.
下星期就给您正式报盘。
I'm waiting for your offer.
我正等您的报价。
We can offer you a quotation based upon the international market.
我们可以按国际市场价格给您报价。
We have accepted your firm offer.
我们已收到了你们报的实盘。
We offer firm for reply 11 a.m. tomorrow.
我们报实盘，以明天上午11点答复为有效。
We'll let you have our firm offer next Sunday.
下星期天我们就向你们发实盘。
We're willing to make you a firm offer at this price.
我们愿意以此价格为你报实盘。
Could you offer us F.O.B. prices.
能想我们报离岸价格吗？
All your prices are on C.I.F. basis.
你们所有价格都是成本加运费保险费价格。
Can you make an offer, C & F London, at your earliest convenience?
您能尽快报一个伦敦港成本加运费价格吗？
I'd like to have your lowest quotations, C.I.F. Vancouver.
请报温哥华到岸价的最低价格。
Please make us a cable offer for 5 metric tons of walnut.
请电报5吨核桃仁的价格。
Our offer is RMB300 per set of tape-recorder, F.O.B. Tianjin.
我们的报价是每台收录机300元人民币，天津离岸价。
We quote this article at $250 per M/T C&F.
我们报成本加运费价每吨250美圆。

Words and Phrases

offer
报盘，报价
to offer for
对...报价
to make an offer for
对...报盘(报价)
firm offer
实盘
non-firm offer
虚盘
to forward an offer (or to send an offer)
寄送报盘
to get an offer(or to obtain an offer)
获得...报盘
to cable an offer (or to telegraph an offer)
电报(进行)报价
offer and acceptance by post
通过邮政报价及接受
to accept an offer
接受报盘
to entertain an offer
考虑报盘
to give an offer
给...报盘
to submit an offer
提交报盘
official offer
正式报价(报盘)

My offer was based on reasonable profit, not on wild speculations.
我的报价以合理利润为依据，不是漫天要价。
We have received offers recently, most of which are below 100 U.S. dollars.
我们最近的报价大多数都在100美圆以下。
Moreover, We've kept the price close to the costs of production.
再说，这已经把价格压到生产费用的边缘了。
I think the price we offered you last week is the best one.
相信我上周的报价是最好的。
No other buyers have bid higher than this price.
没有别的买主的出价高于此价。
The price you offered is above previous prices.
你方报价高于上次。
It was a higher price than we offered to other suppliers.
此价格比我们给其他供货人的出价要高。
We can't accept your offer unless the price is reduced by 5%.
除非你们减价5%，否则我们无法接受报盘。
I'm afraid I don't find your price competitive at all.
我看你们的报价毫无任何竞争性。
Let me make you a special offer.
好吧，我给你一个特别优惠价。
We'll give you the preference of our offer.
我们将优先向你们报盘。
I should have thought my offer was reasonable.
我本以为我的报价是合理的。
You'll see that our offer compares favorably with the quotations you can get elsewhere.
你会发现我们的报价比别处要便宜。
This offer is based on an expanding market and is competitive.
此报盘着眼于扩大销路而且很有竞争性。

Words and Phrases

quote
报价
quotation
价格
preferential offer
优先报盘
cost of production
生产费用
reasonable
合理的
competitive
有竞争性的
the preference of one's offer
优先报盘
wild speculation
漫天要价




外贸术语：对外贸易与外贸关系

对外贸易与外贸关系
Foreign Trade & Foreign Trade Relationship

They mainly trade with Japanese firms.他们主要和日本商行进行贸易。
For the past five years, we have done a lot of trade with your company.在过去的五年中，我们与贵国进行了大量的贸易。
Our trade is conducted on the basis of equality.我们是在平等的基础上进行贸易。
There has been a slowdown in the wool trade with you.和你们的羊毛贸易已有所减少。
Our foreign trade is continuously expanding.我们的对外贸易不断发展。
Trade in leather has gone up (down) 3%.皮革贸易上升(下降)了百分之三。
Trade in general is improving.贸易情况正在好转。
Our company mainly trades in arts and crafts.我们公司主要经营手工艺品。
They are well-known in trade circles.他们在贸易界很有名望。
We trade with people in all countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.我们在平等互利的基础上和各国人民进行贸易。
To respect the local custom of the buying country is one important aspect of China's foreign policy.尊重买方国家的风俗习惯是我国贸易政策的一个重要方面。
Our purpose is to explore the possibilities of developing trade with you.我们的目的是和你们探讨一下发展贸易的可能性。

Words and Phrases

foreign trade
对外贸易
overseas trade
海外贸易international trade
国际贸易
to trade with
和...进行贸易
to do business in a moderate way
做生意稳重
to do business in a sincere way
做生意诚恳
to make a deal
做一笔交易
deal
交易，经营，处理，与...交往
to deal in
经营，做生意
to explore the possibilities of
探讨...的可能性
trade circles
贸易界
to handle
经营某商品
to trade in
经营某商品
business scope/frame
经营范围
trading firm/house
贸易行，商行


Can we do a barter trade?咱们能不能做一笔易货贸易呢？
Is it still a direct barter trade?这还算是一种直接的易货贸易吗？
If you agree to our proposal of a barter trade, we'll give you paper in exchange for your timber.如果你方同意我们进行易货贸易的建议，我们将用纸与你们交换木材。
Shall we sign a triangle trade agreement?我们订一个三角贸易协议好吗？
A triangle trade can be carried out among the three of us.我们三方可进行三角贸易。Compensation trade is, in fact, a kind of loan.补偿贸易实际上是一种信贷。
We may agree to do processing trade with you.我们同意与你们进行来料加工贸易。
If you're interested in leasing trade, please let us know.如果你们有意做租赁贸易，请告诉我们。
We wonder whether you do counter trade.我们不知道你们是否做抵偿贸易。

Words and Phrases

trade by commodities
商品贸易
visible trade
有形贸易
invisible trade
无形贸易
barter trade
易货贸易
bilateral trade
双边贸易
triangle trade
三角贸易
multilateral trade
多边贸易
counter trade
对销贸易；抵偿贸易
counter purchase
互购贸易
buy-back
回购贸易
compensation trade
补偿贸易
processing trade
来料加工贸易
assembling trade
来料装配贸易
leasing trade
租赁贸易
in exchange for
用...交换...
trade agreement
贸易协议
 

外贸价格术语

价格术语trade term (price term)　　　　

运费freight

单价 price 　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　

码头费wharfage

总值 total value 　　　　　　　　　　　

卸货费landing charges

金额 amount 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

关税customs duty

净价 net price 　　　　　　　　　　　　

印花税stamp duty

含佣价price including commission　　　　

港口税portdues

回佣return commission 　　　　　　　　　

装运港portof shipment

折扣discount,allowance 　　　　　　　　

卸货港port of discharge

批发价 wholesale price 　　　　　　　　

目的港portof destination

零售价 retail price 　　　　　　　　　　

进口许口证inportlicence

现货价格spot price 　　　　　　　　　　

出口许口证exportlicence

期货价格forward price　　　　　　　　　

现行价格（时价）current price

国际市场价格 world (International)Marketprice

离岸价（船上交货价）FOB-free on board

成本加运费价（离岸加运费价） C&F-cost and freight

到岸价（成本加运费、保险费价）CIF-cost,insurance and freight
 

索赔
Claim and Settlement

一、概述：

　　如果进口商收货时发现货物与合同不符，就会向出口商提出索赔。一
般来说，可按下列步骤书写：

　　1. 对提出索赔表示深深的遗憾
　　2. 说明订单的日期或合同、信用证的编号、索赔货物的名称及交货
期，便于对方查找。
　　3. 说明要求索赔的原因
　　4. 说明由此造成的不便
　　5. 提出解决索赔办法。

　　在答复索赔的信函时，应有礼貌。首先要确定对方提出的索赔是否有
道理。有，则表示深深歉意，立即纠正。无，则耐心的指出。

　　在写此类信函时，有着严格的写作要求：

　　1. 尊重事实，充分说理，分清是非。必须重视调查研究，掌握证据，
明确责任。
　　2. 注意策略、讲究生意经。提出的解决争议的方案，必须着眼于尽
量有利于自己，尽量减少损失，同时又要兼顾对方的利益。

例文：

October 25,2000

Dear Sirs,

　　We deeply regret to advise that the Chemical Fertilizer
despatched on Oct. 11, 2000 ,against our contract No. TH5829
have been examined and found many defects. The commodity
Inspection Bureau of Shanghai has carefully examined the quality
of Chemical Fertilizer and found it far below the standard
stipulated in our contract. The inspection certificate are
enclosed.
　　As you know, We have extablished business relations for
almost ten years and we cooperated very well during these years.
The storge of this lot brings us much inconvenience.
　　Please look into the matter at once!

Exercises:

　　以上文为参考，写一封回信：经调查，是由于仓库人员的疏忽，发错
了货，对此表示深深的歉意，上批货请按市场价出售，货将于近日快速运
到。

树木花草词汇

pine 松
cerdar 雪松类
larch 落叶松
juniper 杜松
cone 松果
cypress 柏树
bamboo 竹
box 黄杨
poplar 白杨
cottonwood 三角叶杨
osier 紫皮柳树
willow 垂柳
birch 白桦
maple 枫树
sequoia 红杉
fir 冷杉
hemlock spruce 铁杉
spruce 云杉
yew 紫杉
eucalytus 桉树
locust 洋槐
wattle 金合欢树
camphor tree 樟树
rosewood 紫檀
ebony 乌檀
sandalwood 檀香木
satinwood 椴木
linden 椴树
rowan 欧洲山梨
teak 柚木树
elm 榆木树
oak 橡树
acorn 橡树果
sycamore 美国梧桐
ginkgo 银杏树
holly 冬青
coco 椰树
date 枣椰树
hickory 山核桃树
plane tree 悬铃树
beech 山毛榉
horse chestnut 七叶树
blackthorn 黑刺李
baobab 猴面包树
elder 接骨木
myrtle 桃金娘科植物
cycad 苏铁
oil palm 油棕榈树
treetop 树梢
branch 树枝
twig 小树枝
bough 大树枝
knot 树节
trunk 树干
leaf 树叶
sprout 新芽
sapling 树苗
stump 树桩
root 树根
root hair 根毛
taproot 主根
bark 树皮
resin 树脂
pith 木髓
cambium 形成层
ring 年轮
wood 木材

Flowers 花卉
amaryllis 孤挺花
anemone 银莲花
anther 花药
apple 苹果
apricot 杏
azalea 杜鹃花
balsam 凤仙花
begonia 秋海棠
Brazil 巴西木
cactus 仙人掌
camellia 山茶花
canna 美人蕉
cantury plant 龙舌兰
carnation 麝香石竹(康乃馨)
Chinese enkianthus 灯笼花
Chinese flowering crab-apple 海棠花
chrysanthemum 菊花
cosmos 大波斯菊
crocus 番红花
cyclamen 仙客来
daffodil 黄水仙
dahlia 大丽花
daisy 雏菊
daphne 瑞香
datura 曼陀罗
dogwood 山茱萸
epiphyllum 昙花
freesia 小苍兰
fringed iris 蝴蝶花
fuchsia 倒挂金钟
gardenia 栀子
geranium 大竺葵
gladiolus 剑兰
hawthorn 山楂
hibiscus 木槿
hyacinth 风信花
hydrangea 八仙花
India canna 美人蕉
iris 蝴蝶花
jasmine 茉莉
lilac 紫丁香
lily 百合花
mangnolia 木兰花
mangnolia 玉兰花
marguerite, daisy 雏菊
marigold 金盏花
morning glory 牵牛(喇叭花)
narcissus 水仙花
nectar gland 蜜腺
night-blooming cereus 仙人掌
oleander 夹竹桃
orange 桔子
orchid 兰花
ovary 子房
pansy 三色堇
pear 梨
peony 牡丹,芍药
petal 花瓣
phalaenopsis 蝶兰
pink 石竹花
pistil 雌蕊
plum 洋李
pollen 花粉
poppy 罂粟花
quince 柑橘
redbud 紫荆
rhododendron 杜鹃花
rose 玫瑰花
sepal 萼片
setose asparagus 文竹
stalk 花柄
stamen 雄蕊
sunflower 向日葵
sweet pea 香豌豆花
touch-me-not (balsam) 凤仙花
tulip 郁金香
violet, stock violet 紫罗兰
water hyacinth 凤眼兰
wisteria 柴藤
yucca 丝兰

外贸术语-交货条件

交货delivery 　　　　　　　　　

轮船steamship(缩写S.S)

装运、装船shipment　　　　　　

租船charter (the chartered shep)

交货时间 time of delivery 　　

定程租船voyage charter;

装运期限time of shipment 　　　

定期租船time charter

托运人（一般指出口商）shipper,consignor

收货人consignee　　　　　　　　

班轮regular shipping liner
　
驳船lighter　　　　　　　　　　

舱位shipping space
　　　　
油轮tanker　　　　　　　　　　　

报关clearance of goods
　　
陆运收据cargo receipt　　　　　

提货to take delivery of goods

空运提单airway bill 　　　　　　

正本提单original B\L

选择港（任意港）optional port 　

选港费optional charges

选港费由买方负担 optional charges to be borne by the Buyers
或 optional charges for Buyers' account

一月份装船 shipment during January 或 January shipment

一月底装船 shipment not later than Jan.31st.或shipment on or before Jan.31st.

一/二月份装船 shipment during Jan./Feb.或 Jan./Feb. shipment

在......(时间）分两批装船 shipment during....in two lots

在......(时间）平均分两批装船 shipment during....in two equal lots

分三个月装运 in three monthly shipments

分三个月，每月平均装运 in three equal monthly shipments

立即装运 immediate shipments

即期装运 prompt shipments

收到信用证后30天内装运 shipments within 30 days after receipt of L/C

允许分批装船 partial shipment not allowed partial shipment not permitted partial shipment not unacceptable

从一个网站找到绝佳的中医术语表，不敢独享，有需要的网友可以直接点击下载：

http://www.fane.cn/upload/article/NW_only.pdf

 教师节的贺诗

为庆祝教师节，特贺诗两首，献给沟通人类思想的天使－－中国的教师特别是外语教师
 中国诗歌翻译网www.zgsgftw.com


通天塔之后After Babel

 吕志鲁

纷乱的语言阻隔心灵的对话，
人们怀疑是耶稣施了魔法；
战争与猜忌从此充满世界，
谁还有心去建造那通天巨塔。

黑夜中古怪的词句交互垢骂，
梦靥里新奇的武器争相厮杀，
良知随着理智一同冥灭，
泪水伴着鲜血遍地抛洒。

神圣的天使，高洁的奇花，
不惧冰封雪盖风吹雨打，
呕心沥血填平阻隔的深渊，
架起理解的桥梁沟通天下。

鼓动的目光令时代逐渐变化，
热切的诗歌让青春骤然勃发，
前往天堂的通道重新构想，
人类的未来人类共同谋划。

After Babel

The Christ's suspected to have worked magic,
When lingua turmoil cuts of dialogue among hearts;
Unable to build up label peoples are in tragic,
A world of war and doubts ever since starts.

In dark attacks each other with strange expressions,
Amid nightmare fighting goes on weapons in hand;
Abandon'd all together wisdom and conscience,
Severely blood and tear are shed on all land.

Afraid of neither snow nor storm,
The sacred angel,fair flower;
The part to fill up abyss she would perform,
Bridging obstacles with all her power.

She changes the time with arousing eyes,
Ardent lyrics cause the youth to prosper,
And all begin to conceive a new way to paradise,
Contrive in concert human future.


通天塔咒语

 人人都能前往伊甸乐园，
 传说中通天塔直通青天；
 苦苦求索共建高塔的咒语，
 世上的青年何止万千。

 通天塔咒语十分灵验，
 要想授予凡人并不简单；
 除非耗尽自己毕生的心力，
 方能教会那些信女善男。

 决计让这神奇的咒语广为流传，
 善良美丽的天使来到人间。
 尽管她含辛茹苦全力以赴，
 命运之神却处处阻拦。

 说她是女巫身份可疑，
 说她的咒语并非真言；
 她的美丽善良得不到理解，
 饱含热泪离开那神圣的讲坛。

Babel Incantation

The legend says he has the right to Eden,
If knows the Babel building Incantation;
For parodise yet no one leaves the kitchen,
Though thousand after thousand seek in passion.

Effective really is the spell to heaven ,
But hard it should bebroadlytaught to layman;
It needs Exhausting effort plus the wisdom,
Devout mass the world all over to up enlighten.

An angel pretty comes to world of fashion,
To spread devine entrust as called lesson;
Although she does her best and not to slacken,
Obstructed here and there she is by Fortune.

He says her role a witch in great suspicion,
Besides, her spell compared to wrongly poison;
As no one understands her kind intention,
With tears she left the shrine of art in person.
 

azalea 杜鹃花

begonia 秋海棠

Brazil 巴西木

cactus 仙人掌

camellia 山茶花

carnation 麝香石竹(康乃馨)

Chinese enkianthus 灯笼花

Chinese flowering crab-apple 海棠花

chrysanthemum 菊花

dahlia 大丽花

daisy 雏菊

datura 曼陀罗

epiphyllum 昙花

fringed iris 蝴蝶花

fuchsia 倒挂金钟

gardenia 栀子

India canna 美人蕉

jasmine 茉莉

lilac 丁香

lily 百合

mangnolia 木兰花

mangnolia 玉兰花

morning glory 牵牛(喇叭花)

narcissus 水仙花

oleander 夹竹桃

orchid 兰花

pansy 三色堇

peony 牡丹

peony 芍药

phalaenopsis 蝶兰

rose 玫瑰

rose 月季

setose asparagus 文竹

touch-me-not (balsam) 凤仙花

tulip 郁金香

violet, stock violet 紫罗兰

water hyacinth 凤眼兰

中国人民团体名称中英对照

People’s Organizations of China
中国人民团体

测绘学会 Society of Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
地震学会 Seismological Society
国际金融学会 International Finance Society
国际战略问题学会 Institute for International Strategic Studies
海洋学会 Society of Oceanography
科普学会 Popular Science Society
全国少年儿童文化艺术委员会 Nat’l Council on Cultural and Art Work for Children
全国少年儿童工作协调委员会 Nat’l Children’s Work Coordination Committee
全国史学会 China Society of History
宋庆龄基金会 Song Ching Ling Foundation
中国奥林匹克委员会 Chinese Olympic Committee
中国笔会中心 Chinese Pen Centre
中国标准化协会 China Association for Standardization
中国残疾人福利基金会 China Welfare Fund for the Handicapped
中国出版协会 Chinese Publishers Association
中国道教协会 Chinese Taoist Association
中国电视艺术家协会 Chinese Television Artists Association
中国电影家协会 China Film Association
中国法律质询中心 Chinese Legal Consultancy Centre
中国法律会 China Law Society
中国翻译工作者协会 Translators Association of China
中国佛教协会 Chinese Buddhists Association
中国福利会 China Welfare Institute
中国歌剧研究会 Chinese Opera Research Institute
中国共产主义青年团 Communist Youth League of China
中国国际法学会 Chinese Society of International Law
中国国际交流协会 Association for Int’l Understanding of China
中国红十字会总会 Red Cross Society of China
中国会计学会 China Accounting Society
中国基督教“三自”爱国运动委员会 Three-Self Patriotic Movement Committee of the Protestant Churches of China
中国基督教协会 China Christian Council
中国计量测试学会 Chinese Society for Measurement
中国金融学会 Chinese Monetary Society
中国考古协会 Archaeological Society of China
中国科学技术史学会 Chinese Society of Science and Technology History
中国科学技术协会 China Society and Technology Association
中国联合国教科文组织全国委员会 Nat’l Commission of The People’s Republic of China for UNESCO
中国联合国协会 United Nations Association of the People’s Republic of China
中国美术家协会 Chinese Artists Association
中国民间文艺家协会 China Society for the Study of Folk Literature and Art
中国企业管理协会 China Enterprise Management Association
中国曲艺家协会 Chinese Ballad Singers Association
中国人民保卫儿童基金会 Chinese People’s National Committee for Defence of Children
中国人民对外友好协会 Chinese People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries
中国少年儿童基金会 Children’s Foundation of China
中国少年先锋队 China Young Pioneers
中国摄影家协会 Chinese Photographers Society
中国书法家协会 Chinese Calligraphers Association
中国天主教爱国会 Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association
中国天主教教务委员会 Nat’l Administrative Commission of the Chinese Catholic Church
中国天主教主教团 Chinese Catholic Bishops College
中国文学艺术界联合会 China Federation of Literary and Art Circles
中国舞蹈家协会 Chinese Dancers Association
中国戏剧家协会 Chinese Dramatists Association
中国伊斯兰教协会 Chinese Islamic Association
中国音乐家协会 Chinese Musicians Association
中国杂技艺术家协会 Chinese Acrobats Association
中国政法学会 China Society of Political Science and Law
中国作家协会 Chinese Writers Association
中化全国妇女联合会 All-China Women’s Federation
中华全国工商联合会 All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce
中华全国归国华侨联合会 All-China Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese
中华全国青年联合会 All-China Youth Federation
中华全国世界语联合会 All-China Esperanto League
中华全国台湾同胞联谊会 All-China Federation of Taiwan Compatriots
中华全国体育总会 All-China Sports Federation
中华全国新闻工作者协会 All-China Journalists’ Association
中华全国总工会 All-China Federation of Trade Unions
中华医学会 Chinese Medical Associaition
 

针织服饰常用成分英文缩写


C ————Cotton 棉
W———— Wool 羊毛
M ————Mohair 马海毛
RH ————Rabbit hair 兔毛
AL———— Alpaca 羊驼毛
S———— Silk真丝
J ———— Jute 黄麻
L———— linen 亚麻
Ts————Tussah silk 柞蚕丝
YH————Yark hair 牦牛毛
Ly ————lycra莱卡
Ram ————Ramine 苎麻
Hem———— Hemp 大麻
T———— Polyester 涤纶
WS————Cashmere 羊绒
N ———— Nylon 锦纶（尼龙）
A ———— Acrylic 腈纶
Tel ————Tencel 天丝,是Lyocell莱赛尔纤维的商品名
La ———— Lambswool 羊羔毛
Md ————Model 莫代尔
CH————Camel hair 驼毛
CVC ————chief value of cotton涤棉倒比（涤含量低于60％以下）
Ms ———— Mulberry silk 桑蚕丝
R ———— Rayon 粘胶